The-( subtraction) operator yields the difference of its arguments. The numeric arguments are first converted to a common type. (减)算参数的差,数值型的参数首先转换成通用类型。
Permutations are adopted to represent the solutions of scheduling problems, according to the characteristics of the permutations, a new location-based subtraction and addition operations are proposed and used to construct new mutation operator. 算法采用排列来表示问题的解,并根据排列的特征,提出了新的基于位置的减法与加法运算,用于构造变异操作。